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(American Journal of Botany. 2009;96:1348-1360.) doi: 10.3732/ajb.0800205 © 2009 Botanical Society of America, Inc.

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Molecular taxonomy of Camellia (Theaceae) inferred from nrITS sequences¹

² Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan-115, ROC ³ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China

ABSTRACT

Camellia, comprising more than 200 species, is the type genus of the family Theaceae. Currently, the interspecies relationship of the economically important genus is still a matter of great debate and controversy. In an attempt to help settle this dispute using molecular phylogeny, we analyzed ITS sequences of 112 species of Camellia. The maximum parsimony and Bayesian trees grouped these species into eight major clades and four isolates. The current study supported the monophyly of sections Thea and Furfuracea, a merged section of Theopsis and Eriandra and the formation of section Oleifera by H, -t. Chang (Flora of Reipulicae Popularis Sinicae. Tomus 49 (3), Science Press, China). The study suggested the polyphyletic nature of the sections Camellia, Paracamellia, Pseudocamellia, and Tuberculata and the paraphyletic nature of the section Chrysantha but did not support the sectional status of the three small sections, Archecamellia, Piquetia, and Sterocarpus. We also discuss the results in terms of morphology, geographic distribution and the results from an earlier molecular phylogeny analysis.

Key Words: Camellia • ITS • molecular phylogeny • tea • Theaceae

Received for publication 22 August 2008. Accepted for publication 10 March 2009.

FOOTNOTES

¹ The authors thank J. Y. Gao, H. G. Yeh, H. Wang, F. Lu, C. Wang, X. Gong, H. Peng, F. Maxwell, L. Li, and J. L. Huang for generous support in providing valuable samples. Thanks to B. G. Baldwin and Y. W. Yang for valuable advice, and to Y. L. Fu, M. H. Su and C. C. Wu for making several critically important field trips with them. They also thank the directors of the Hong Kong herbarium, K. L. Yip, and HAST herbarium, and C. I. Peng for invaluable help and L. Heraty for English editing. The authors received financial support for the study from the National Science Council, Taiwan, Republic of China (project NSC95-2621-B-001-009-MY2) and the Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, R.O.C.

⁴ Author for correspondence (e-mail: chtsou{at}gate.sinica.edu.tw)

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