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(American Journal of Botany. 2007;94:128-136.)
© 2007 Botanical Society of America, Inc.

Article

Population differentiation and gene flow within a metapopulation of a threatened tree, Magnolia stellata (Magnoliaceae)1

Suzuki Setsuko5, Kiyoshi Ishida, Saneyoshi Ueno, Yoshihiko Tsumura and Nobuhiro Tomaru

Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Physiology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Kansai Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Momoyama, Fushimi, Kyoto 612-0855, Japan; Tree Genetics Laboratory, Department of Forest Genetics, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan

ABSTRACT

We examined genetic differentiation among eight local populations of a metapopulation of Magnolia stellata using 10 nuclear and three chloroplast microsatellite (nSSR and cpSSR) markers and evaluated the influence of historical gene flow on population differentiation. The coefficient of genetic differentiation among populations for nSSR (FST = 0.053) was less than half that for cpSSR (0.137). An isolation-by-distance pattern was detected for nSSRs, but not cpSSRs. These results suggest that pollen flow, as well as seed dispersal, has significantly reduced genetic differentiation among populations. We also examined patterns of contemporary pollen flow by paternity analysis of seeds from nine seed parents in one of the populations using the nSSR markers and found it to be greatly restricted by the distance between parents. Although most pollen flow occurred within the population, pollen flow from outside the population accounted for 2.5% of the total. When historical and contemporary pollen flows among populations were compared, the levels of pollen flow seem to have declined recently. We conclude that to conserve M. stellata, it is important to preserve the whole population by maintaining its metapopulation structure and the gene flow among its populations.

Key Words: conservation • gene dispersal • genetic diversity • Japan • Magnolia tomentosa • metapopulation • simple sequence repeat • star magnolia






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