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(American Journal of Botany. 2006;93:1193-1205.)
© 2006 Botanical Society of America, Inc.

Systematics and Phytogeography

Molecular phylogenetics reveals Leontodon (Asteraceae, Lactuceae) to be diphyletic1

Rosabelle Samuel8, Walter Gutermann, Tod F. Stuessy, Claudete F. Ruas, Hans-Walter Lack, Karin Tremetsberger, Salvador Talavera, Barbara Hermanowski and Friedrich Ehrendorfer

2Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Austria; 3Department of Plant Biogeography, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Austria; 4Departmento de Biologia General, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; 5Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Free University Berlin, 141191 Berlin, Germany; 6Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes, E-41080 Sevilla, Spain; 7University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Gregor-Mendel-Str., Vienna, A-1090 Austria

ABSTRACT

The plastid matK gene, trnL/F spacer, and nuclear rDNA ITS were sequenced for 36 species of Leontodon and 29 taxa of related genera of tribe Lactuceae. Phylogenetic relationships inferred from the independent and combined data are largely congruent and reveal that Leontodon sensu lato (s.l.) as presently defined is diphyletic: L. subgenus Leontodon forms a clade with Helminthotheca, Picris and Hypochaeris as sister genera, whereas L. subgenus Oporinia appears as a separate clade with strong bootstrap support and is thus better treated as a separate genus. Previous sectional classifications of Leontodon s.l. are considered in the light of DNA and additional morphological and karyological data. Support is presented for a core group of Hypochaeridinae sensu stricto (s.s.) with the two clades of Leontodon s.l., Helminthotheca, Picris, and Hypochaeris, whereas Urospermum, Hyoseris, Aposeris, and Rhagadiolus appear to be positioned more distantly.

Key Words: Asteraceae • chromosome numbers • Hypochaeridinae • indumentum • ITS • Lactuceae • Leontodon • matK • Picris • phylogeny • trnL/F




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K. K. M. Kulju, S. E. C. Sierra, S. G. A. Draisma, R. Samuel, and P. C. v. Welzen
Molecular phylogeny of Macaranga, Mallotus, and related genera (Euphorbiaceae s.s.): insights from plastid and nuclear DNA sequence data
Am. J. Botany, October 1, 2007; 94(10): 1726 - 1743.
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