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(American Journal of Botany. 2006;93:1650-1659.)
© 2006 Botanical Society of America, Inc.

Population Biology

Real-time patterns of pollen flow in the wild-service tree, Sorbus torminalis (Rosaceae). III. Mating patterns and the ecological maternal neighborhood1

Sylvie Oddou-Muratorio6, Etienne K. Klein, Brigitte Demesure-Musch and Frédéric Austerlitz

2INRA, Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes, Domaine Saint Paul, Site Agroparc 84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France; 3Conservatoire Génétique des Arbres Forestiers, Office National des Forêts, Campus INRA, F-45160 Ardon, France; 4Unité de Biométrie, Domaine St-Paul, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, F-84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France; and 5Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, UPRESA 8079, CNRS/Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 362, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France

ABSTRACT

Understanding the role of mother plants as pollen recipients in shaping mating patterns is essential for understanding the evolution of populations and in particular to predict the consequence of habitat fragmentation. Here, we investigated variation in mating patterns due to maternal phenotypic traits, phenological variance, and landscape features in Sorbus torminalis, a hermaphroditic, insect-pollinated and low-density, European temperate forest tree. The diversity and composition of pollen clouds received by maternal trees in S. torminalis were mainly determined by their conspecific neighborhood: isolated individuals sample more diversity through more even paternal contributions, low relatedness among paternal genes, and high rates of long-distance pollen dispersal within their progenies. Maternal phenotypic traits related to pollinator attractiveness also had an effect, but only when competition was strong: in this case, larger mother trees with more flowers sampled more diversity. The floral architecture of S. torminalis, with multiple-seeded fruit, strongly shaped mating patterns, with higher levels of correlated paternity among seeds belonging to the same fruit (30% full sibs) than among seeds belonging to different fruits (14% full sibs). Finally, flowering phenology affected the distribution of diversity among maternal pollen clouds, but the earliest and latest mother trees did not receive less diversity of pollen than the others.

Key Words: correlated paternity • covariance analyses • flowering phenology • insect pollination • pollen flow • Rambouillet forest • Rosaceae






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