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Molecular phylogenetics of Phyllanthaceae: evidence from plastid MATK and nuclear PHYC sequences¹

²Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten, Universität Wien, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria; ³The Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, UK; ⁴Department of Botany and Laboratories of Analytical Biology, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, NMNH MRC-166, Washington, DC 20013-7012 USA; ⁵Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan Herbarium, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287 USA; and ⁶Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK

Plastid matK and a fragment of the low-copy nuclear gene PHYC were sequenced for 30 genera of Phyllanthaceae to evaluate tribal and generic delimitation. Resolution and bootstrap percentages obtained with matK are higher than that of PHYC, but both regions show nearly identical phylogenetic patterns. Phylogenetic relationships inferred from the independent and combined data are congruent and differ from previous, morphology-based classifications but are highly concordant with those of the plastid gene rbcL previously published. Phyllanthaceae is monophyletic and gives rise to two well-resolved clades (T and F) that could be recognized as subfamilies. DNA sequence data for Keayodendron and Zimmermanniopsis are presented for the first time. Keayodendron is misplaced in tribe Phyllantheae and belongs to the Bridelia alliance. Zimmermanniopsis is sister to Zimmermannia. Phyllanthus and Cleistanthus are paraphyletic. Savia and Phyllanthus subgenus Kirganelia are not monophyletic.

Key Words: Malpighiales • matK • molecular phylogenetics • Phyllanthaceae • PHYC • systematics

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