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(American Journal of Botany. 2004;91:856-862.)
© 2004 Botanical Society of America, Inc.

Ecology

Palatability and tolerance to simulated herbivory in native and introduced populations of Alliaria petiolata (Brassicaceae)1

Oliver Bossdorf2,3,5, Stefan Schröder4, Daniel Prati2 and Harald Auge2

2UFZ-Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany; 3Institut für Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland; 4Hochschule Zittau/Görlitz, Fachgruppe Ökologie und Umweltschutz, Theodor-Körner-Allee 16, D-02763 Zittau, Germany

The European herb garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) is a serious invader of North American deciduous forests. One explanation for its success could be that in the absence of specialized herbivores, selection has favored less defended but more vigorous genotypes. This idea was addressed by comparing offspring from several native and introduced Alliaria populations with respect to their palatability to insect herbivores and their tolerance to simulated herbivory. Feeding rates of a specialist weevil from the native range were significantly greater on American plants, suggesting a loss of resistance in the introduced range. In contrast, there was significant population variation but no continent effect in the feeding rates of a generalist caterpillar. After simulated herbivory, A. petiolata showed a substantial regrowth capacity that involved changes in plant growth, architecture, and allocation. Removal of 75% leaf area or of all bolting stems reduced plant fitness to 81% and 58%, respectively, of the fitness of controls. There was no indication of a difference in tolerance between native and introduced Alliaria populations or of a trade-off between tolerance and resistance.

Key Words: biological invasions • Ceutorhynchus scrobicollis • compensatory regrowth • EICA hypothesis • microevolution • plant– herbivore interactions • plant resistance • Spodoptera littoralis






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