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Molecular and morphological reassessment of relationships within the Vittadinia group of Astereae (Asteraceae)¹

²Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131 USA ³School of Biological Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia ⁴Jepson Herbarium and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 USA ⁵Department of Evolution, Ecology & Organismal Biology, Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1220 USA

Morphological and ITS (internal transcribed spacer) sequence data for 40 species of the Austral-Pacific genera Camptacra, Kippistia, Minuria, Peripleura, Tetramolopium, and Vittadinia as well as one semiherbaceous species of Olearia were subjected to cladistic analysis, separately and together. Minuria, Peripleura, and Tetramolopium are paraphyletic as currently defined. Tetramolopium vagans from Australia appears to represent an undescribed genus. Both Kippistia suadefolia and Peripleura diffusa show close affinity to Minuria species, and Minuria macrorhiza appears to contain two distinct but closely related species. Vittadinia and the remaining species of Tetramolopium and Peripleura form a strong affinity group. The distribution of indels and the combined analysis each provide evidence that the Hawaiian and Cook Island species of Tetramolopium are descended from New Guinea species. The combined analysis also suggests that the Cook Island species T. mitiaroense is sister to the Hawaiian clade. Olearia arguta groups strongly with Camptacra and shows no close affinity with either of the arborescent species of Olearia used to root these analyses. Marked homoplasy among morphological characters indicates why generic delimitation in the group has been problematic.

Key Words: Asteraceae • Camptacra • ITS sequence • Minuria • Olearia • Peripleura • phylogeny • Tetramolopium • Vittadinia

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