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(American Journal of Botany. 2001;88:534-544.)
© 2001 Botanical Society of America, Inc.

Molecular systematics of the Brassicaceae: evidence from coding plastidic matK and nuclear Chs sequences1

Marcus Koch 2, 4, Bernhard Haubold 3 and Thomas Mitchell-Olds 3

2Institute of Botany, University of Agricultural Science, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria; and 3Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department of Genetics and Evolution, D-07745 Jena, Germany

Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using nucleotide sequence variation of the nuclear-encoded chalcone synthase gene (Chs) and the chloroplast gene matK for members of five tribes from the family Brassicaceae to analyze tribal and subtribal structures. Phylogenetic trees from individual data sets are mostly in congruence with the results from a combined matK-Chs analysis with a total of 2721 base pairs, but with greater resolution and higher statistical support for deeper branching patterns. The analysis indicates that tribes Lepidieae, Arabideae, and Sisymbrieae are not monophyletic. Among taxa under study four different lineages each were detected in tribes Arabideae and Lepidieae, interspersed with taxa from tribes Sisymbrieae, Hesperideae, and Brassiceae. It is concluded that tribe Brassiceae might be the only monophyletic group of the traditional tribes. From our data we estimated several divergence times for different lineages among cruciferous plants: 5.8 mya (million years ago) for the Arabidopsis–Cardaminopsis split, 20 mya for the Brassica–Arabidopsis split, and ~40 mya for the age of the deepest split between the most basal crucifer Aethionema and remaining cruciferous taxa.

Key Words: Brassicaceae • chalcone synthase • convergent evolution • maturase K • molecular clock • molecular phylogenetics




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