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(American Journal of Botany. 2001;88:2151-2156.)
© 2001 Botanical Society of America, Inc.

Anatomy and Morphology

Anatomical and chemical analyses of leaf secretory cavities of Rustia formosa (Rubiaceae)1

Ricardo Cardoso Vieira2, Piero G. Delprete3,6, Gilda Guimarães Leitão4 and Suzana Guimarães Leitão5

2Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco H, 21.941-590, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 3Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York 10458-5126 USA; 4Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco H, 21.941-590, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and 5Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, CCS, Bloco A, 21.941-590, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Foliar secretory cavities, commonly called leaf pellucid glands, have been reported in many families of vascular plants. In the Rubiaceae, these structures have only been found in the sister genera Rustia and Tresanthera, which are also anomalous within the family because they have poricidal anthers, and in the distantly related Heterophyllaea. General leaf anatomy, with particular attention to secretory cavities, as well as the chemical analysis of the secreted substances of Rustia formosa, is presented here for the first time. The secretory structures have been found in the lamina between the palisade and spongy parenchymas and in the cortical region of the petiole. The chemical analysis showed that the essential oil secreted is a complex mixture of at least 75 components, mostly of sesquiterpenoid composition. Illustrations of the leaf anatomy, details of the secretory structures of Rustia formosa, a gas chromatogram, and a table of the principal components of the leaf essential oil are included.

Key Words: anatomy • essential oil • Rondeletieae • Rubiaceae • Rustia • secretory cavities • Tresanthera






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