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Discovery of distyly in Narcissus (Amaryllidaceae)¹

² Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1095, E-41080 Sevilla, Spain; and ³ Department of Botany, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3B2

ABSTRACT

There has been disagreement concerning the nature of sexual polymorphisms in Narcissus, a genus of insect-pollinated geophytes native to the Mediterranean. The existence of trimorphic heterostyly in the genus has recently been confirmed, but the occurrence of distyly remains enigmatic. All sexually dimorphic species previously investigated possess two distinct style lengths but anthers of similar height. Stigma-height dimorphism does not qualify as true distyly because of the absence of a reciprocal correspondence in stigma and anther position in the floral morphs. Such reciprocal herkogamy is generally regarded as the defining feature of heterostyly. Here we report on distyly in N. albimarginatus (section Apodanthae), a rare species confined to a single mountain in northwestern Morocco. A population composed of equal numbers of long- and short-styled plants exhibited reciprocal herkogamy with lower anthers of the long-styled morph and upper anthers of the short-styled morph corresponding in height to stigmas of short- and long-styled plants, respectively. The presence of both stigma-height dimorphism and distyly in Narcissus is of general significance to theoretical models of the evolution of heterostyly.

Key Words: Amaryllidaceae • distyly • Lloyd and Webb model • Narcissus • reciprocal herkogamy • stigma-height dimorphism

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