Am. J. Bot. Plant Physiology
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(American Journal of Botany. 1999;86:988-995.)
© 1999 Botanical Society of America, Inc.

Genetic structure of Helianthus occidentalis (Asteraceae) in a preserve withfragmented habitat1

Stephanie A. Foré 2, 4 and Sheldon I. Guttman 3

2Division of Science, Truman State University, Kirksville, Missouri 63501; and 3Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056

We examined the spatial genetic structure of Helianthus occidentalis Riddell ssp. occidentalis Riddell (western sunflower) to determine whether this species is highly clonal and whether the distance between prairie patches influences genetic differentiation. In the Edge of Appalachia Preserve System, Ohio, this species is restricted to prairie patches that have a clumped distribution in the forest matrix. Data from this insect-pollinated forb with gravity-dispersed seed were compared to data from the same patches for Asclepias verticillata, an insect-pollinated species with wind-dispersed seed. Allozyme electrophoresis was used to collect genetic data from H. occidentalis samples from eight patches in four regions. Genetic data from three polymorphic loci indicted that this species is not highly clonal. Genetic differentiation was greater among patches within a region than among regions, suggesting that gene flow among patches is more limited in H. occidentalis than in A. verticillata. Founder effect may also have contributed to observed genetic differences among patches as some of these populations may have re-established after release from human use. As habitat fragmentation is increasing in the preserve, it is also likely that genetic differentiation may be increasing. Therefore, monitoring of genetic structure is necessary to further assess the effect of fragmentation.

Key Words: allozymes • Asteraceae • clonal • gene flow • genetic diversity • genetic structure • habitat fragmentation • Helianthus occidentalis • prairie






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