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Inheritance of resistance to anti-microtubule dinitroaniline herbicides in an "intermediate" resistant biotype of Eleusine indica (Poaceae)¹

²Interdepartmental Genetics Program, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0375; and ³Horticulture Department, Poole Agriculture Center, Box 340375, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0375

Inheritance of resistance to the anti-microtubule dinitroaniline herbicides was investigated in a goosegrass biotype displaying an intermediate level of resistance (I). Reciprocal crosses were made between the I biotype and previously characterized susceptible (S) or resistant (R) biotypes. Eight F₁ hybrids were identified, and F₂ populations were produced by selfing. The dinitroaniline-herbicide response phenotype (DRP) of F₁ plants, and F₂ seedlings was determined using a root-growth bioassay. The DRP of F₁ plants of S x I was "susceptible" (i.e., identical to the S parental plants), and the DRP of F₁ plants of I x R was "intermediate" (i.e., identical to the I parental plants). Nonparental phenotypes were not observed in F₁ plants. Results indicated susceptibility to be dominant over intermediate resistance and intermediate resistance to be dominant over high resistance. Analysis of reciprocal crosses ruled out any role for cytoplasmic inheritance. When treated at the discriminating concentration (e.g., 0.28 ppm oryzalin), F₂ seedlings of S x I were classified as either S or I phenotype, and F₂ seedlings of I x R were classified as either I or R phenotype. Again, nonparental phenotypes were not observed. The 3:1 (S:I or I:R) segregation ratios in F₂ seedlings were consistent across all eight F₂ families. The results show that dinitroaniline herbicide resistance in the I biotype of goosegrass is inherited as a single, nuclear gene. Furthermore, it suggests that dinitroaniline resistance in goosegrass is controlled by three alleles at a single locus (i.e., Drp-S, Drp-i, and Drp-r).

Key Words: -tubulin • dinitroaniline • Eleusine indica • goosegrass • herbicide resistance • microtubules • oryzalin • Poaceae

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